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306510
Math
Field theory and polynomials
168
Determine the number of monic primitive irreducible polynomials of degree \[ d=11ci^{+e}_{2r}(G_4)+ci^{+e}_{2r}(G_1)+ci^{v}_{2r}(G_3)+ci^{+e}_{2r}(G_2)+ci^{-e}_{2r}(G_3) \] over the finite field \[ \mathbb F_q, \] where \[ q=2^{ci^{+e}_{2r}(G_1)+ci^{v}_{2r}(G_3)-ci^{+e}_{2r}(G_2)-ci^{-e}_{2r}(G_3)}, \] and \(G_1,G_2,G_...
\[120\]
multi_panel
306490
Math
Geometry
168
Consider the figure shown. Let $a$ denote the area of the shaded region. Define two vectors in $\mathbb{R}^3$ by \[ \mathbf{A} = [1,\ a,\ 2], \qquad \mathbf{B} = [c,\ 3,\ 1]. \] Determine the value of the constant $c$ such that the vectors $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ are orthogonal.
\[-\frac{71}{4} \]
single_image
306449
Math
Number theory
1718
Determine the order of the ideal class group \[ \mathrm{Cl}\!\left(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-N})\right), \] where \[ N= \lambda_{3,2,1}(G_1\times G_3)^2+ \lambda_{3,2,1}(G_1\times G_2)\, \lambda_{3,2,1}(G_1\times G_3)- \lambda_{3,2,1}(G_1\times G_2)^2, \] and \(G_1,G_2,G_3\) denote the graphs shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and F...
\[12\]
multi_panel
306427
Math
Linear and multilinear algebra
1718
Let $G = (V,E)$ be a simple connected graph. For an ordered set of vertices $S = \{u_1, u_2, \dots, u_t\} \subseteq V(G)$, the metric representation of a vertex $v \in V(G)$ with respect to $S$ is defined by \[ r(v \mid S) = \big(d(v,u_1), d(v,u_2), \dots, d(v,u_t)\big), \] where $d(u,v)$ denotes the length of a shor...
\[5\]
multi_image
306425
Math
Differential geometry
1718
Determine the value of the surface integral \[ \iint_{S}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\,dA, \] where \[ S:\quad x^2+y^2+z^2=N, \] and \[ N=C_4(G)\cdot C_5(G)+1, \] with \(G\) denoting the graph shown in the attached image. Consider a simple and undirected graph \(G\) with vertex set \(V=V(G)\). For an integer \(k\ge1\), a \...
\[7396\pi\]
single_image
306423
Math
Group theory
1718
Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a finite, simple, connected graph. A function $f:V(G)\to \{0,1,2,3\}$ is called a modern Roman dominating function if every vertex labeled $0$ is adjacent to two vertices, one labeled $2$ and one labeled $3$, and every vertex labeled $1$ is adjacent to at least one vertex labeled $2$ or $3$. The...
\[4423680\]
multi_image
306419
Math
Combinatorics
1428
Let \(\lambda\) be the Young diagram shown on the left in the figure, and let \(\mu\) be the Young diagram shown on the right in the figure. For a Young diagram \(\nu\), let \(\nu^\vee_j\) denote the length of its \(j\)-th column, with \(\nu^\vee_j=0\) for all sufficiently large \(j\). Define \[ [z]:=z^{-1/2}-z^{1/2}....
\[ [u]^2\,[u q^{-1}]\,[u q]\,[u q\,\kappa^{-2}]\,[u q^{2}\kappa^{-2}]\,[u q^{-2}\kappa^{2}] \]
multi_image
306415
Math
Number theory
1718
Determine the number of primitive Dirichlet characters modulo \[ N=\chi'_{NK}(G)^{\,3}+2, \] where \(G\) denotes the graph shown in the attached image. In the attached image, the colored points denote the vertices of the graph and the line segments joining pairs of points denote the edges of the graph. Let \(G=(V(G),...
\[125\]
single_image
306407
Math
Differential geometry
1428
Use the right-hand panel of the given figure. Let $({\rm CP}^{2},\omega)$ be complex projective $2$-space with the Fubini--Study form normalized by $$ \int_{{\rm CP}^{1}}\omega=1. $$ Define $$ \mu([z_{1}:z_{2}:z_{3}]) = \frac{1}{2\sum_{j=1}^{3}|z_{j}|^{2}} \bigl(|z_{1}|^{2},|z_{2}|^{2}\bigr), $$ let $$ \Delta=\mu({\rm...
\[ \left(\frac{2}{3},\,4\right) \]
multi_image
306296
Biology
Neurobiology
899
In this multi-compartment model of leech T-cells, different spike initiation zone (SIZ) distributions are tested on reconstructed morphologies while holding ion channel parameters fixed. Using the Figure $1$, identify which SIZ placement produces the second lowest height across the reconstructed morphologies?
Anterior
single_image
306284
Biology
Evolutionary Biology
899
In the three-figure presentation of chromosome fusion dynamics (represented in figures $1$, $2$, and $3$) driving rediploidization in $Schizothoracinae$ polyploid fishes, the process is characterized by progressive waves of homeologous chromosome fusions that are visualized through comparative synteny in a circos plot,...
$23$ and $20$
multi_image
306283
Biology
Molecular Biology
880
The leptospiral ClpP system comprises of two isoforms ($ClpP1$ and $ClpP2$). The $ClpP1$ and $ClpP2$ associate to make hetero-complex. Based on the Figure$1$ and Figure$2$, identify the minimal functional state enabling proteolysis. Answer in $3-4$ words.
$ClpXP1P2$ complex + ATP
multi_image
306278
Biology
Molecular Biology
899
Examine the figure from the HLA immunopeptidomics analysis of non-canonical open reading frames. The top panels display detected total peptides and predicted HLA-binding non-canonical peptides across sample groups. The central heatmap shows predicted binders for peptides from different ncORF biotypes with aggregate...
uORFs
single_image
306274
Biology
Neurobiology
936
Based on the longitudinal data in Figures $1$ and $2$, identify the specific anatomical locus where the experimental intervention stabilizes dopaminergic terminal integrity, thereby providing a putative neuroanatomical substrate for the observed improvement in the "Seven series" neuropsychological subscore.
Nucleus accumbens
multi_image
306270
Biology
Molecular Biology
936
In the provided pathway in the figure, if an experimental pharmacological agent simultaneously induces angiogenesis and inhibits endocytosis, while the $\text{RAF-MEK-ERK}$ axis remains inactive, which specific membrane-proximal complex is the most likely direct target being allosterically stabilized?
Active GTP-bound RAS
single_image
306269
Biology
Cell biology
936
Analyze the protein mapping in panel C in the attached figure. Identify the exact amino acid residues (range) of the intermediary protein required to inhibit the proteasome-mediated turnover of the effector, and name the specific ubiquitin linkage type that this interaction serves to suppress.
Residues $85-271$; $\text{K48}$-linked polyubiquitination
multi_panel
306253
Biology
Neurobiology
936
According to the $\text{CC-GWAS}$ specific enrichment results shown in the figure, if Schizophrenia’s unique genetic signature in adulthood is primarily vascular in nature, what specific fetal cell class identifies the distinct, early-life biological substrate for Major Depression?
Intermediate progenitor
multi_panel
306248
Biology
Evolutionary Biology
936
Based on the comparative expression of the single-copy $\text{Pax2}$ homolog in $\text{Phalangium opilio}$ and the expression of its duplicates in $\text{Centruroides sculpturatus}$ in the figure, what evolutionary mechanism is specifically illustrated by the loss of $Pax2a$ expression specifically in spider median eye...
Developmental system drift
multi_panel
306241
Biology
Molecular Biology
936
In the figure $1$, the loading plot distinguishes Group $\text{O}$ from Group $\text{P}$ using multiple classes of metabolites. While the OPLS-DA model identifies broad amino acid changes, the study's Biosigner algorithm (specifically the Random Forest classifier), visualized in the Venn diagram in figure $2$, identifi...
$SM \ C24:1$
multi_image
306136
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
982
Based on the attached images, please identify the IUPAC name of the final compound.
3-bromo-12-(2-methoxyphenyl)-10,12-dihydro-11H-benzo[5,6]chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-11-one
multi_image
306127
Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry
994
A researcher is conducting a comparative study to detect Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) using two types of label-free sensors: an Aptasensor (represented by panels A and B in Fig A) and an Immunosensor (represented by panels C and D in Fig A). Both sensors are developed using graphene quantum dots-gold nanorods (GQDs-...
1.05
multi_panel
306123
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
961
The attached image shows the synthetic scheme a macrocyclic Ligand L and subsequent reactions for the formation of Complexes A and B. Given that uridine monophosphate acts as a bridging ligand, determine the sum of coordination numbers for all Cu-centers in complex B.
20
single_image
306122
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
961
The attached images, Figure1 and Figure2, represent the synthetic scheme for a neutral Complex D. Provide the full systematic IUPAC name for Complex D accurately representing all ligands and their binding modes. (Use \(\kappa\), \(\eta\) and \(\mu\) notations as necessary).
\(\text{pentacarbonyl[(2-(dimethylamino)-5-methylphenyl)}(1\textit{H}\text{-indol-3-yl)phenylphosphane-}\kappa P]\text{tungsten(0)}\)
multi_image
306120
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
982
Using the attached images, identify the IUPAC name of the final compound. Note : \(TfOH\) is Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid \(DCE\) is 1,2-Dichloroethane \(Pd(OAc)_2\) is Palladium(II) acetate
(3-(2,2-diphenylvinyl)-6-(10H-phenoxazin-10-yl)-2-phenyl-2H-isoindol-1-yl)diphenylphosphine oxide
multi_image
306118
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
959
The attached multi-panel image includes the reaction schemes showing the formation of complexes X, X', Y and Y' along with the positive-ion ESI mass spectra of (a) Complex X and (b) Complex Y; and the $^{31}\text{P}\{^1\text{H}\}$ NMR spectra of (c) Complex X and (d) Complex Y recorded in $\text{CD}_2\text{Cl}_2$. Det...
34
multi_panel
306116
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
982
Using the attached reaction scheme in the multi-panel image, determine the SMILES string of compound P. Note : 1. For reaction a), \(H_2SO_4\), was added dropwise at \(0 ^\circ C\). After complete addition, the mixture was stirred for \(5\ h\) at \(40 ^\circ C\) 2. For reaction b), Initially mixture was stirred at \...
\(OC1=CC=C2C(OC(C(C3=CC=C(C4NC(NC(C)=C4C(OC)=O)=O)C=C3)C2C)=O)=C1\)
multi_panel
306115
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
961
The attached images outline the synthetic process to obtain Ligand C. When an ethanolic solution of Ligand C is treated with an equimolar amount of copper(II) nitrate in an acetonitrile/water mixture, a discrete dicationic complex, D, is formed. Derive the full, detailed systematic IUPAC name for complex D, utilizing...
[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1,7-di(pyridin-2-yl)-1,7-dihydrodipyrazolo[3,4-b:4',3'-e]pyridine-$\kappa^3N^{1'},N^{1''},N^8$]copper(II) ion
multi_image
306113
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
961
The attached multi-panel image shows the reaction schemes for the synthesis of Ligand L, Complex X and Complex Y along with their $^1\text{H}$ NMR spectra (500 MHz, \(CDCl_3\)). Based on this information, determine the sum total of chloride ligands in complexes X and Y.
4
multi_panel
306110
Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
982
Determine the IUPAC name of compound \(A\) formed in the reaction scheme shown in the attached file. Note: \(I_2\) is added at room temperature and then the temperature is elevated to \(95 ^\circ C\). Reaction is carried out in a sealed tube. \(1,2-DCE\) is 1,2-Dichloroethane \(BF_3. OEt_2\) is Boron trifluoride di...
(E)-4-(7,8-Dichloro-11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-ylidene)-2,3-di-p-tolylcyclobut-2-en-1-one
single_image
305996
Physics
High-energy particle physics
1683
Using the physical mechanisms and parameter-space structures illustrated by Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4. Work in the TS5 heavy-light regime with \[ M_{G^*}=1.5~\text{TeV},\qquad m_T=m_B=m_{\tilde T}=m_{\tilde B}=1.0~\text{TeV}, \] \[ Y_*=3,\qquad m_t=173~\text{GeV},\qquad v=246~\text{GeV}, \] and impose \[ s...
\[1.172\times 10^{-2} \]
multi_image
305995
Physics
Physics (general)
1683
Use the one-dimensional temporal-gauge reduction of the lattice geometry in Figure first. In units \(m=1\), place \(\phi_s^n\) on vertices and \(A_{s+1/2}^n\) on spatial links, with lattice spacings \[ h=0.04,\qquad \tau=0.005 . \] The discrete action is \[ S=h\tau\sum_{n,s} \left[ \left|\frac{\phi_s^{n+1}-\phi_s^n...
\[ R=21.261231584 \]
multi_image
305988
Physics
Physics (general)
1683
In figure second, the (H=0.5) one-stream grey-soliton family is close to the maximum speed where localized solutions still exist; figure first encodes that exact one-stream threshold; figure third shows that for essentially the same Lorentz factor, a detached high-(K) quantum instability lobe is born in the symmetric t...
\[1.20844\]
multi_image
305983
Physics
Electromagnetism and Photonics
866
Consider figure with numerical input. A conditional-drive source is fixed at $11.272~\mathrm{GHz}$. Work at the unique listed calibration setting for which that source is closest to the actual driven resonance obtained from the displayed KPO 1 frequency, the fixed KPO 2 frequency, and the displayed AC shift at the same...
\[ (\delta_m^\ast,\; P_2,\; K_{\mathrm{eff}}/2\pi,\; \varepsilon) =\left( 80~\mathrm{m}\Phi_0,\; 1.0715\times 10^{-3},\; -6.3863~\mathrm{MHz},\; 199.435~\mathrm{kHz} \right). \]
single_image
305977
Physics
Astrophysics
1670
Using the provided data in Figures 3 and 4, for PSR J0740+6620 (solid red curves) and the framework of a generalized polytropic Equation of State $p_r = 0.3\rho + K\rho^2$ within a relativistic anisotropic stellar model, what is the exact value of the local anisotropy factor $\Delta(10)$ at $r = 10 \text{ km}$—rounded ...
$0.0074$
multi_image
305967
Physics
Condensed Matter Physics
1030
Refer to the attached image (Figure-\(1\)) and use its boundary identifications and notation throughout. Let the momentum-space base manifold be obtained from the fundamental domain \[ \tau_{1/2}=[-\pi,\pi)\times[-\pi,0] \] by the identification \[ (k_x,0)\sim(-k_x,-\pi), \] as encoded by the attached image. On thi...
$$1.85$$
multi_panel
305966
Physics
Physics (general)
1670
You are analyzing the ideal MHD equilibrium of an advanced steady-state tokamak scenario. You are provided with three visual diagnostics characterizing this plasma state: * Figure A: The poloidal cross-section of the outermost closed flux surface in $(X, Z)$ coordinates, where $X$ is the major radius in meters. * Fi...
$$\ \mathbf{341,000 \text{ Pa}}$$
multi_image
305965
Physics
Quantum Mechanics
864
The figure labeled Topology-III is part of the mathematical specification. Without the colored incidence pattern and the printed $c_X, q_X$ labels in Topology-III, the graph is not defined. Path crossings are not vertices, and grey endpoints have degree one. Let $$S(C)=S_0(C-C_p)^{-\gamma},\qquad C=C_p+\varepsilon,\qq...
$21-\sqrt{313}$
single_image
305964
Physics
Quantum Mechanics
864
As illustrated in the Boundary-Shell Support Geometry for the Araki–Gibbs Operator (Fig: BoundaryShell), consider a one-dimensional open quantum spin register of $n$ qubits, with $n$ larger than every support length appearing in the analysis. Let $H=\sum_{j=1}^{n-K+1}H_j$, where $K\ge2$, each $H_j$ is Hermitian, $\|H_j...
$$m_{\mathrm{cert}}(\beta, K, \gamma) = \left\lceil \exp\left( \max\{1, \beta\} \left( \frac{20}{\gamma} \right)^K \right) \right\rceil$$
single_image
305961
Physics
Astrophysics
1670
Consider a spatially flat FLRW cosmology in which the total effective fluid is a two-component mixture: a Brans-Dicke scalar field $\phi$ non-minimally coupled to gravity with parameter $\omega_{\mathrm{BD}}$, and a quintessence field $\psi$ with power-law potential $V(\psi) = \tfrac{1}{n+1}\psi^{n+1}$, with no additio...
$$\frac{40}{81}$$
multi_image
306295
Biology
Molecular Biology
880
In the fusion-substrate experiments, one construct carrying the full adaptor-derived tail is efficiently eliminated even when attached to a heterologous folded domain, whereas another construct lacking the extreme C-terminal segment resists turnover despite retaining most of the adaptor sequence. Considering the degrad...
$MecA96-121$
multi_image